In late 19th century Britain, a rather macabre kind of photography became quite popular. It was called headless portraiture. It was a style of portraiture in which - you guessed it! - the subject would be depicted without their head, usually holding it in the final picture, although they (the heads) sometimes were also depicted on platters, or in other quite shocking, and at times humorous, situations. The final product was achieved by combining two different negatives. Here is a Pinterest board featuring such portraits.